Hydrocarbon motor



July 6 1926.4 1,591,971

l L.. M. wooLsoN HYDROCARBON MOTOR' Filed NOVr 2.4, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheetl Y PQE .ZO @WOO l@ j l LSSLYE l l.. M. wooLsoN HYDROCARBON MOTOR JuiyFiled Nov. 24, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet wud/M. Magali/.f

BmnuJul'y 6, 1926.-l i

nUNIT-so STATES Vrare rsi n. wooneen; or nn'rno'ri; MICHIGAN, AnsinnenTo Pacman moron, can oonrANY, or nnsrnorr, momenti, A conronarron ormomo.

LIONEL l Lt v:nirnmic'annon Moron.

Application nea nmmbei 24, une. smal n. einer?.

.Thisinventon relates to hydrocarbon naotors andparticularly tocarbureting and mixture heating devices therefor. One of the objects ofthe presentinvenl' tion is to'provide means for supplying' a combustionheater with some of the mixture from the dialing-device of the motorcari 'buret'on Another object of the invention is to provide acarburetor hay'ing's ecial 'idlingmeans, with means fof wlth rawing someof the mixture .from -said idling meansfor use in a combustion heaterorsimilar 'device'.

Another. object of theinvent-ion ais to provide. a slow acting vibrator'for-the igniter of-a combustion heater, l

- Other objects ofthe' invention will appear from the followingdescription taken in con- 'nection' with'the drawings which form ya iZ5" part' of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a verticalsection -through a carburetor and heater device embodyingmy invention,the igniter 'means being 'shown --largelyl in diagram; and Y Figure2-is'a similar secto'n showing .am other'form of m invention. IReferring to Figure 1 of the' drawings, 1() is a cylinder block ofahydrocarbon motor, Y fourr or six cylinders usually being cast .in asingle block5 and 11' is the' horizontal inlet vvconduit for thecombustible mixture which asses tothe motor cylinders. ilDetachablysecured to the cylinder block, as by bolts 12', is ahorizontal pipe section .13 which comprises' also a heaterldevice in theform of a combustion chamberl, the

combustion chamber completely surrounding or jacket-ing 'a part ofth'epipe section` 13. The nteriorpassage 15 in the pipe section forms a'continuation of the intake conduit v11 of theyinotor; and the mixturevfrom the carburetor of course passes through thisconduit 15. v

The combustion heater 14 is supplied-with a suitable mixture throughaem'a'll inlet ort-16 and a screen 17 and the'mixture 1 Vignited' by asuitable iguiter 11S-which y 1s somewhat like-the usual spark plug ofthe motor.- The burnt gases pass from the com-l "hustion chamber' 14through a pipe 19 into le'intalte, conduit 15 at 20. Thus heat ie Y ftransferred through the'wall vof thejepipe section 13 and the' hotvburnt gases .passing from thev combustion chamber into the inm '55''take conduit come `in direct contact with-the mixture passing'i'roinlthe carburetor to the motor-and thereby further heat the mixture. t Thespark plug or'i iter-'18 has one of .its terminals 21 gr'oun ed on theengine in l the usual way? and its other terminal 22 is connectedthrough. a porcelain 23 to a con' ductor 24' which receives high tensioncurrent from a transformer coil 25. The transforrner coil is connected4through a vibrator device, indicated'generally at 26, 'to a geinl 05erator or high frequency ma eto 27 which'v 1s somewhat diagrammaticalllillustrated, It will be understood, however, that the partlcular form ofgenerator shown is of the `well known Ford type. Conductors 28 70 tor 26andthe vcoil25.' v

Since the combustion chamber-14 is con- :',Tilnuously supplied withmixture while the otor is running, it is usually only'necessary to startthe mixtureburning when it will thereafter' be self-sustaining. It is advibrator to the transformervisable, however, tocontinue the spark 'inthe chamber at intervalsinorder' to rei ite to f the mixture should theiamebe extinguished for-any reason,l but obviously it is not nec'- iessary to havefthe. rapid shower' of sparks-l that would be produced bythe ordina-ry. vibrator. The .present invention,v therefore, provides aslow moving vibrator and two means 'of slowing,r clown the vibrator' aref illustratedq-either or both of vwhich may he used as desired.

One means of slowing clown the vibrator comprises a copper tube 30 whichsurrounds 4 the core; 31 which is usually of Swedish iron and isarranged between 'said core 31 and the winding 32 of the coil of thevibrator. This causes. a'laginv the operation of the' vibratorfand henceslows it down in the de# sired'way. f Thev second means forslowing downthe .vibrator comprises a dash-pot 33 which is '.directly'connec'ted tothe vibrator erm 34. to' 100L thereby act'directly upon the. vibratortot slow down itsaction. i

Directly connected t'o the horizontal pipe section 13 is a carburetor40, the main parts of which are'siinilar to those'of thewe'll known Fordcarburetor. Thus the ca rl buretor comprises a float chamber 41 to:'which the liquid uel'or gasoline. is edfin the well known manner' andmaintained at ai.

given level by a suitable'tloat l vents the fuel from rising-too hi ingconduit or chamber 43 dips down Yinto the float chamber and has an airinlet 44 which is controlled for choking by a hand operated butterilyvalve 45. The mixing 5 conduit 43 is supplied `with gasoline from4 thefloat chamber 41 through a port 46 and a passage 47 which passage iscontrolled by a needle valve 48. An overflow passage 49 extendsdiagonally2 asshown, and pref gh in the mixing chamber. y

The carburetor outlet conduit or chamber 50 is arranged just above themixing chamber 43 and isconnected with it by a passage 5]. which iscontrolled by a weighted valve 52 pivoted at 53, A bumper or Weight 54is mounted in a sleeve 55 just above the valvel 52, and the bumper andsleeve are retained by a. cap 56. The bumper quieta the action o thevalve. 52 and prevents it from opening too wide.

A. throttle valve 57, of the is shown in the outlet condu ture from thecarburetor th trolled by the operator. i l

From the above it will be seen `that in the normal operation of thecarburetor, with the throttle Valve 57 partly opened and the motorworking above its idling speed, the

suction will somewhat lift the valve 52 and air will be drawn intothemixing chamber' 43 through the air intake 44'.' This air 'will pickup somelof rthe gasoline inthe bottom of the-mixing chamber and therebyform a suitable combustible mixture which is carried through the outletconduit 50, past the throttle 57 and into the conduit l5, from whichconduit it, iswdelivered to the motor. As the suction increases thevalve 52 -is opened wider and a greater amount oi' mixture is drawnthrough the carburetor.

For idling the motor it is intended that the valve 52 shall remainclosed and a small amount of mixture shall be drawn through V a tube 58which is lzurran,g ;ed .inthe wall between the mixing chamber 43 and theout let chamber'O. This tubeeextends substaml V,tially vertically andits lower open enclggig is just above 'the upper` end of the passageinto the puddle of`gaao1iu1'eA formed in the lower part ofthe mixing jchamber 43 when the motor is not running. Near the lower end of the tube58 and about at the level of the upper end of the overflow passage 49are one or more lateral open-l linsO. ormed as an integral part of orseparate from the tube 58 is a-fsecondtuberl, above .ndNin-l line..witli'thetube 5 8. The ends butterfly type,

50, the mixus being conratelv and one or the other of lthem is {iro-Vided with lateral openings 62 into the outlet ,chamberlfgjoftheoarburetor. Thus the suction yof thecarbiiretox; whenl the motor 5 isrunningl slowly and the jthrottlevalve Leer and il into th v,pose it hasa stem which ex V'7theretlirmigli and' sage 82 and it l`will be seennearly closed, is suiiicient to draw email amount of mixture through thetubesV 58 eoutlet passage 50 to thereby keep the motor running slowly,air being supplied to the tube 58 through the openings 6G and gasolinecoming into the tube through its lower end. Y

For the purpose of withdrawing seine of the idling mixture to supply thecombustion heater 14, the tube Gl is extended nawardly in the form of anelbow' and the outiet 64 of thiselbow is eonnectedby a pipe 65 with theport i6 hereinabove described. Thus the suction of the motordraws someof the mixture directly into the outlet pasil@ sage 50 through the port62, and this saine Suction draws some of the mixture into the vcombustion chamber 14 through the tube 6i 'and pipe 65. The size of theopenings 60 and G2, as well as the opening in the lower end of the pipe58, "are suitably proportioned to supply suicient mixture for both themotor andthe combustion chamber.

In the form shown hereim the needle valve 48 is extended upwardly.through both the tube 58 and tube 6l and Ais threaded into the elbowr63 as at 66. its 'upwardly pro jecting end has a knurled flange 67 .so'that the needle valve may be readily turned to adjust the size of thepassage 47, thus regulating the quantity'o gasoline that may be suppliedto themixing chamber 43.

Referring to Figure 2 of the drawings, thevinvention is shown as appliedvto a earburetor having' a movable'idling tube. The main parts oi thecarburetor are similar to those 'of the Well known @odge carburetor andcomprise in general an air chamber 7G having a verticahollow guidingtube 7l y therein extending upwardly into a passage 113i 72 'which leadsto a mixing chamber 73 .iie passage 752 is controlled by'an automaticor' eompensating'fvalve 74 which slides verticaliy relative 'to the tube7lA This vaive 74 also 'controls the amount of .liquid fuel entering thecarburetor and-for this purtends tl'irough the tube 71 and 'terminatesin a piston 7G vhaving one or more valves d?? therein, the piston 76operating in a cylindrical well 73 arranged below the air chamber 70. lThe Well 78 is supplied? with gasoiinethrougnza passage79 from a Heatchamber 80, which chamber, by means of `the ,usual ioat di, maintainsthiegasoline at a given level. The' stemr75 above referred' to" has apassage' vatape'red' metering lpin 83 extends upwardly 'from'f theoottom of the well 78 into' the passa w82, as shown. Ports 84 connectYthe'well 8` with the pas that the stem passage 82 which 75'is movedupwardly the Surrounds the metering pin S3 enlarged to permit thepassage of more fuel, andae y lth'e stem 75 isrmoved downwa'rallylthepasf 35:5*

ree

l upper part of the valve 74 rises and falls ywith the piston 76 Awil ofcourse,

sege is decree-sed in size, This up and down movement of the stem 75 iscontrolled by the which acts asa dashpot for the upward `movement' ofthe stem, the -yelve 77, however', 4opening' topcrmit the stem to passdownward freely.

Since the stern rigidly connected they, gether'and the valve and stemare caused to move by the suction of the motor..' W'nen the valve is in'its lowest position, as shown in thel drawing, no airv can passl aroundits circumference, but as soon as the motor creates suction in thechamber 7 3 the valve is revised and the farther it is raised thegreater the air o ening and the greater the fuel opening in t e passage82. Y In the drawing the lmetering pin 83 is shown as manuallyadjustable, as b an arm 85 connected to afpinion 86 whic meshes with arack 87 on the lower end of the ein 83. 'A spring 88 yieldingly retainsthe pin/ in its uppermost position.

Thefvalve 74 above referred to has the gasoline nozzle89 formed in itandthe upper iarcd end .of the nozzle 89 is surrounded by an air passage90 which is fed b a series of air passages 91 and .92 wliic extendthroughthe valve 74 and communicate' with the ain chamber 74 is in itsseated position, as shown in the drawing, there is a. free air` passagethrough the passages 92, 91 and 90 so that when there is not enough highdegree of suction 4through the passage 90 ast the edge of the nozzleA 89and there also be suction in the nozzle 89so that air and gasolinewill'be drawn into the mixing chamber 73. In the form of the inventionshown, the '74 is formed with a tubular extension 93 having lateralports 94 communicating with the mixing chamber 7 3; Extending downwardlyfinto" the' tube 93 is a second tube 95 and the tube 93 slides on thetube. 95 or relatively to it as the valve varying suct on of the motor.This telescoping of the tubes 9.3and4 95 provides communication betweenlthe interiors of those vtubes and the tube95 tube 93'and carries it to acombustion charn- Aber 14 which surroundsthe intake 'conduit 15 leadingfrom the upper end of the' mixing chamber 73.

. zontal part andthe chamber 7 3 the vertical part. The pip c '1'5 isformed as a-n integral part of the casting and is in the-bent part ofthe elbow. Its communication with the by. 'communicating withthepassage-il asin the of course, move to- 70.(4 Thus when the valvesuction from the motor to raise thevalve 74 there will be arelatlvelyndlr creen-17'." Aspire plugie' agnes v' the' mixture in thechamber 14.-.

The usual throttle 'valve 57', is p .ovided and the castxni's'conuectedto the motor 10 suitable bots 12, theintake conduit i5 formshown in'Figure 1. ,f

The outlet from the combustion chamber 14is through a passage 19 inaplug fitted in the wall'of the casting. It will, be seen that the.normal operation of. the carburetor ,in supplying'the motor with asuitable mixture is notin anyv wey interfered with bythe tube 795., exect that the air yand gasoline openings aresoa jus that theidlingipassages Iwill sup ly .Sullicient mixture, to the tube 93 to-Other forms than those shown above may lbede'vised without departingfrom the spirit or scope of ythis invention.v f

Havin thus described what I c aim and desire to secure by Letters Patentis: Y f

el., In a hydrocarbon motor, the combine tion with a carburetor havinga'n idling conduit, 'of a combustion heater; and means connecting saididling conduit to supply mixture to said combustion heater.`

2. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combina.l tion with a carburetor having amixingv tube led both f the motor and the combustion heater;` v f ,myinvention, y

for operation Lprincipally in idlingl the mo'- tor, of a combustionheatenfandmeans con.- necting -said tube to v'supply mixture to saidbeater. 1,1,. 1

3. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combina- -tion vwith a carburetor havingav mixing tube for operation principally in' idling the'motor, of acombustion heater., and means forV drawing mixture from said mixing tubeandv supplying it to said heater.'-

4. A cerburetorcomprising a main mixing device-and an"aux1liary mixing,device both of said devices being adapted to deliver i Imi mixture lt0,a single outlet ofthe carburetor; lli" and a connection-for withdrawingpart of said mixture from saidauxiliany device v5. In a hydrocarbonmotor;v the combination with a carburetor having a mainy mix- 'f' Aingchamber, and-an idling tube, of a cornbustion heatenconnected, toreceive mixture' y from said `idling tu e.

6. Ina hydrocarbon inc )to/r;` the combina- 1 tion with a carburetorhaving a mainmix-v ,ing chamber, 'and 'an idling tube,` of a com anoutlet. pipe c o'n;v;-l .nection tothe motor'mtake pipe,'nd a sncflbustion heater havin tion pipe from said heater to tube.

said idling vc :arbmetor comprising e mixing-1.m

chamber having an outlet conduit, Ineens for supplying liquid fuel tosaid chamber,` an

idlin tube extending' .into said zuixin cham rg and two 'separate outletlmeans from-'said idling'tube.

n chamber, outlet means.. from said 'idling tube to the carburetoroutlet, and anotherl outlet means'from said idling tube. f

9, A carburetor comprising ainixing chamber, means for supplying liquidfuel 1U thereto,'an idling tube extending into said the ti'olled outlet,a

outlet if" ing chamber,

:5 ing chamber tothe. out

mixin chamber, a tube forming a continuation o the idling tube andconnected thereto, said continuation tube having lateral o eningsermitting some of the mixture rom ing tube to pass to thecarburetor-.outlet, and another outlet means from said continuationtube. l y

10. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber having an airinlet and avalve consaid carburetor communicating with the outlet from said rmixingchamber, means for feeding fuel to. said mixing chamber, an idlingconduit `passing around'the [Lived of this niixingfchamber, Vand meansfor withdrawing-part of the mixture from said idling conduit. i

ll. A carburetor comprising-l chamber, an outlet chamber above themixtliere being a'passage between said chambers, a valve controllingsaid passage, a -tube at one side of said valve and extending throughthe wall between said chambers to thereby form a b pass from the mixietchamber around said valve, and a second tube connected to the outlet ofsaid first tube an'dadapted to draw part ot the mixture therefrom.

12.` A carburetor comprising a mixing 4 0 chamber, an outletchainbcrabove the vmixing chaiiilicn-there being a passage between saidchambers, a valve controlling said passage, a tube at one side of saidvalve and exi-.

tending through the wall between said chain- 15 hers to thereby forni abypass from the mixmg -chamber to the outlet chamber around said valve,and a second tube connected to the outlet of said bypass tube and havinglateral openings to permit part of the mixture from said bypass tub"'to'pass'toi the. outlet chamber.v

13. A carburetor comprisin'ga mixing chamber, an outlet chamber abovethe mixing chamber, there being a passage between said chambers, a valvecontrolling said passage, a,t ube at one side of said valve andextending through the wall between said chainmixture outlet passage fromI tion v vith the motor` intake conduit, of caraV mixing bers to therebyform a b ingI chamber to the out et chamber around said valtye", and avsecond tube passing through the upper wall of the outlet 'chamben andinto communication with the outlet end-of said\bypass tube to therebywithdraw mixture from said bypass tube and lead part of it out of thecarburetor independently of said outlet cliambeiz 14. I n aihydrocarbonmotor the combination /with a niotor cylinder vblock havinv a horizontalihleti passage, of a horizontal pipe section securedto, said block atsaid passage and having a combustion heater connected thereto, acarburetor connected to the inlet end of said pipe section, saidcarburetor hav ing' an idling.A tube, and a pipe connection from saididling tube to said combustion heater. -15.In a hydrocarbon motor, thecombina.-

pass from the inixsaid conduit liquid` fuel from `said .float chamberand den liver'a mixture to said intake conduit, a combiistion heaterhaving an outlet to said intake conduinand a suction pi e connectionfrom said heater to 'the inixtur of said auxiliary mixing device.

16. Iii a hydrocarbon motor, the combina-` tion with the lmotor intakeconduit, of carhureting 'means connected to said conduitand comprising amain mixing device and an auxiliary mixing device, both of said devicesbeing adaptedito deliver mixturefteMW said intake conduit, a combustionheater having a'ii outlet to said intake conduit, and a suction pipeconnection' fronti the mixture of said auxiliary device to thej; intakevside of said heater. L

17. In a hydrocarbon niotoi, the combiiaf- 'tion with the motor intakeconduit, of carbureting means connected to, said conduit and comprisinga float chamber, a main mix- -ing ldevice and an auxiliary mixing,device. including an idling tube', both of said devices being 'adaptedto draw liquid fuel fromsaid-.loatgchamber/ and deliver mixture ytosaidfiniake conduit, a combustionl heater 5 having an `outlet to saidintakeiconduit andrr subject to the suction therein, lnd a-'siiction.pipe connection from'said idlin Stube to said cqinbustiondheater. f'

Y 'I ir testimony whereof I af`n`x my signature.

" LIONEL M. WOOLSON.

